Infection rates refer to the frequency at which individuals become infected with a particular disease or pathogen within a given population. This area of research involves studying factors that contribute to the spread of infections, such as the pathogen's transmission mechanisms, population density, and hygiene practices. Researchers may also investigate interventions to reduce infection rates, such as vaccines, antibiotics, and public health measures. Understanding infection rates is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases.